{"id":56840,"date":"2020-01-28T11:27:02","date_gmt":"2020-01-28T10:27:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/?p=56840"},"modified":"2021-08-26T13:46:19","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T11:46:19","slug":"hcdh-le-comite-des-droits-humains-de-lonu-fait-un-pas-vers-la-reconnaissance-des-refugies-climatiques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/2020\/01\/28\/hcdh-le-comite-des-droits-humains-de-lonu-fait-un-pas-vers-la-reconnaissance-des-refugies-climatiques\/","title":{"rendered":"HCDH | Le comit\u00e9 des droits humains de l’ONU fait un pas vers la reconnaissance des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s climatiques"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l\u2019homme (HCDH) a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les pays ne devraient pas renvoyer les individus qui font face \u00e0 des conditions de vie induites par les changements climatiques qui violeraient le droit \u00e0 la vie. C’est la premi\u00e8re fois que le comit\u00e9 se positionne sur cette th\u00e9matique \u00e0 partir d’un cas individuel. Il s’agissait du recours d\u00e9pos\u00e9 par <\/span>un ressortissant de Kiribati <\/span>contre une d\u00e9cision n\u00e9gative de la Nouvelle Z\u00e9lande sur sa demande d\u2019asile. Celui-ci a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9 car le comit\u00e9 a estim\u00e9 que suffisamment de mesures avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 mises en place dans son pays d\u2019origine pour lui assurer le droit \u00e0 la vie. Le comit\u00e9 avance n\u00e9anmoins <\/span>que les requ\u00e9rants d\u2019asile ne sont pas tenus responsables de fournir la preuve qu\u2019ils courent un risque imminent en cas de retour dans leur pays d\u2019origine. C\u2019est le pays qui statue sur la demande d\u2019asile qui doit enqu\u00eater.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019arr\u00eat complet rendu par le Comit\u00e9 des droits de l\u2019homme aux Nations Unies a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 le 7 janvier 2020 et peut \u00eatre t\u00e9l\u00e9charg\u00e9 en anglais ici CCPR\/C\/127\/D\/2728\/201<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Nous reproduisons ci-dessous le communiqu\u00e9 publi\u00e9 par le Comit\u00e9 des droits de l\u2019homme le 21 janvier 2020 que vous trouverez \u00e9galement sur leur site<\/a>.
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Historic UN Human Rights case opens door to climate change asylum claims<\/h2>\n

GENEVA (21 January 2020) \u2013 In its first ruling on a complaint by an individual seeking asylum from the effects of climate change, the UN Human Rights Committee* has stated that countries may not deport individuals who face climate change-induced conditions that violate the right to life.<\/p>\n

In 2015, Ioane Teitiota’s asylum application in New Zealand was denied, and he was deported with his wife and children to his home country of Kiribati. He filed a complaint to the UN Human Rights Committee, arguing that by deporting him, New Zealand had violated his right to life. Mr. Teitiota argued that the rise in sea level and other effects of climate change had rendered Kiribati uninhabitable for all its residents. Violent land disputes occurred because habitable land was becoming increasingly scarce. Environmental degradation made subsistence farming difficult, and the freshwater supply was contaminated by salt water.<\/p>\n

The Committee determined that in Mr. Teitiota’s specific case, New Zealand’s courts did not violate his right to life at the time of the facts, because the thorough and careful evaluation of his testimony and other available information led to the determination that, despite the serious situation in Kiribati, sufficient protection measures were put in place. \u00ab\u00a0Nevertheless,\u00a0\u00bb said Committee expert Yuval Shany, \u00ab\u00a0this ruling sets forth new standards that could facilitate the success of future climate change-related asylum claims.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

The Committee also clarified that individuals seeking asylum status are not required to prove that they would face imminent harm if returned to their countries. The Committee reasoned that climate change-induced harm can occur both through sudden-onset events (such as intense storms and flooding), and slow-onset processes (such as sea level rise, salinization and land degradation). Both sudden-onset events and slow-onset processes can prompt individuals to cross borders to seek protection from climate change-related harm.<\/p>\n

The Committee also highlighted the role that the international community must play in assisting countries adversely affected by climate change. The Committee stated that without robust national and international efforts, the effects of climate change in sending states may trigger the non-refoulement obligations of receiving states and that \u2013 given that the risk of an entire country becoming submerged under water is such an extreme risk \u2013 the conditions of life in such a country may become incompatible with the right to life with dignity before the risk is realized.<\/p>\n

The ruling marks the first decision by a UN human rights treaty body on a complaint by an individual seeking asylum protection from the effects of climate change.<\/p>\n

See the full Human Rights Committee ruling here<\/a><\/p>\n

Background<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

*The\u00a0<\/em>Human Rights Committee<\/em><\/a>\u00a0monitors States parties’ adherence to the\u00a0<\/em>International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights<\/em><\/a>, (ICCPR) which to date has\u00a0<\/em>172<\/em><\/a>\u00a0States parties. The Committee is made up of\u00a0<\/em>18 members<\/em><\/a>\u00a0who are independent human rights experts drawn from around the world, who serve in their personal capacity and not as representatives of States parties.<\/em><\/p>\n

The ICCPR’s Optional Protocol, which to date has\u00a0<\/em>116<\/em><\/a>\u00a0States parties, establishes the right of individuals to complain to the Committee against States which violated their human rights. The Optional Protocol imposes an international legal obligation on State parties to comply in good faith with the Committee’s Views. Further information on the\u00a0<\/em>individual complaints procedures before the Committees<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Learn more with our videos on the\u00a0<\/em>Treaty Body system<\/em><\/a>\u00a0and on the\u00a0<\/em>Human Rights Committee<\/em><\/a>!<\/em><\/p>\n

To arrange an interview with a member of the Committee, please contact Renato Rosario de Souza in Geneva at: rrosariodesouza@ohchr.org<\/a> \/ +41 22 928 9855<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l\u2019homme (HCDH) a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les pays ne devraient pas renvoyer les individus qui font face \u00e0 des conditions de vie induites par les changements climatiques qui violeraient le droit \u00e0 la vie. C’est la premi\u00e8re fois que le comit\u00e9 se positionne sur cette th\u00e9matique \u00e0 partir … Continued<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":30162,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[160,155,162],"tags":[1159,322,622],"ve_numero":[],"pays":[],"ve_type":[1073],"ve_action":[1050],"class_list":["post-56840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","category-documentation","category-publications","tag-documentation","tag-onu","tag-refugie-climatique","ve_type-rapport-recherche","ve_action-documentation"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56840"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56840\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56840"},{"taxonomy":"ve_numero","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ve_numero?post=56840"},{"taxonomy":"pays","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pays?post=56840"},{"taxonomy":"ve_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ve_type?post=56840"},{"taxonomy":"ve_action","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ve_action?post=56840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}