{"id":61305,"date":"2020-11-10T11:52:08","date_gmt":"2020-11-10T10:52:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/?p=61305"},"modified":"2021-08-26T13:45:11","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T11:45:11","slug":"ecre-garde-fous-pour-le-controle-des-exactions-aux-frontieres-europeennes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/2020\/11\/10\/ecre-garde-fous-pour-le-controle-des-exactions-aux-frontieres-europeennes\/","title":{"rendered":"ECRE | Garde-fous pour le contr\u00f4le des exactions aux fronti\u00e8res europ\u00e9ennes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les images choquantes<\/a> de migrants et de demandeurs d’asile maltrait\u00e9s par les autorit\u00e9s croates s’inscrivent dans la tendance persistante et bien document\u00e9e des violations des droits de l’homme qui se produisent aux fronti\u00e8res europ\u00e9ennes. Elles refl\u00e8tent \u00e9galement l’impunit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e des autorit\u00e9s frontali\u00e8res des \u00c9tats membres de l’Union europ\u00e9enne (UE) et d\u00e9montrent la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 urgente de s’attaquer \u00e0 ce probl\u00e8me de mani\u00e8re syst\u00e9matique. Huit organisations internationales de d\u00e9fense des droits humains demandent des changements imm\u00e9diats et mettent en garde sur les garde-fous n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 instaurer au sein du nouveau Pacte sur l\u2019immigration et l\u2019asile.<\/span><\/p>\n

Amnesty International, ECRE, Oxfam, Refugee Rights Europe, Danish Refugee Council, Human Rights Watch, Save the Children, International Rescue Committee se sont adress\u00e9es par \u00e9crit aux autorit\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes car celles-ci r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent actuellement \u00e0 la mise en place d\u2019un m\u00e9canisme de contr\u00f4le ind\u00e9pendant pour enqu\u00eater sur les all\u00e9gations de violation des droits humains aux fronti\u00e8res. Retrouvez ci-dessous un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 des points essentiels de cette d\u00e9claration en fran\u00e7ais et plus bas le communiqu\u00e9 en anglais.<\/p>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9e en quatre points, ces organisations d\u00e9taillent l\u2019importance de conditions d\u2019application de ce m\u00e9canisme de contr\u00f4le.\u00a0Il est tout d’abord n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019\u00e9largir la conception des types d\u2019exactions qui pourraient \u00eatre poursuivies, notamment relativement au lieu o\u00f9 elles se d\u00e9roulent et au type exact de violation. Les refoulements aux fronti\u00e8res renvoient les personnes en dehors du territoir europ\u00e9en, ce qui rend la reconnaissance de la probl\u00e9matique plus difficile. De plus, des organisations ind\u00e9pendantes (sp\u00e9cialistes des droits humains) doivent mener ou \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9es au processus d\u2019\u00e9valuation de la violation. Ces organisations et d\u2019autres acteurs issus de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile doivent \u00e9galement pouvoir all\u00e9guer des violations observ\u00e9es. La proposition de m\u00e9canisme doit pr\u00e9ciser le processus de suivi afin que les autorit\u00e9s n’\u00e9cartent pas la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d’agir, une pratique courante dans plusieurs \u00c9tats membres. Il faut \u00e9galement, selon elles, instaurer des co\u00fbts politiques et financiers si les gouvernements des \u00c9tats membres ne coop\u00e8rent pas avec le m\u00e9canisme, ne le mettent pas en place ou ignorent ses conclusions. Le communiqu\u00e9 se conclut en affirmant que\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les graves violations commises en toute impunit\u00e9 aux fronti\u00e8res europ\u00e9ennes doivent cesser. Il appartient d\u00e9sormais aux d\u00e9put\u00e9s europ\u00e9ens et aux \u00c9tats membres de veiller \u00e0 ce que les violations des droits aux fronti\u00e8res de l’UE soient enregistr\u00e9es, que les responsables soient tenus de rendre des comptes et que la justice soit garantie pour les personnes concern\u00e9es.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Le communiqu\u00e9 \u201cTurning rhetoric into reality: New monitoring mechanism at European borders should ensure fundamental rights and accountability<\/a>\u201d a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 le 10 novembre 2020 sur le site du Conseil Europ\u00e9en sur les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et personnes exil\u00e9es (ECRE).<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Turning rhetoric into reality: New monitoring mechanism at European borders should ensure fundamental rights and accountability<\/h2>\n

The shocking images<\/a> of migrants and asylum-seekers abused by Croatian authorities are part of the persistent and well-documented trend of human rights violations<\/a> taking place at European borders. They are also a reflection of the widespread impunity of European Union (EU) Member States\u2019 border authorities and demonstrate the urgent need to address this in a systematic manner.<\/p>\n

As part of the recently announced Pact on Migration and Asylum, the European Commission proposed the establishment of an independent monitoring mechanism to investigate allegations of fundamental rights violations at borders. The proposed monitoring mechanism has the potential to address violations but only if it is expanded in scope; independence is ensured; accountability for violations is strengthened; and suitable consequences follow governments\u2019 non-compliance. Failing this, the mechanism risks being a fig leaf behind which violations continue. The role of the Fundamental Rights Agency in developing guidance on the mechanism is welcome but since this guidance will not be binding on Member States, it does not address these concerns.<\/p>\n

While Members of the European Parliament and representatives of EU Member States assess the proposal and prepare for negotiations, the undersigned organisations urge the following changes:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Scope<\/em><\/strong>: Expand the scope of the monitoring to apply to all alleged fundamental rights violations by national border management authorities or during border control activities <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The vast majority of unlawful practices take place outside of official border crossings, police facilities or formal procedures \u2013 in situations in which border management or law enforcement authorities assume they act outside functioning oversight mechanisms. Thus, any geographical (e.g. only at certain centres; border crossings) or procedural (e.g. only in relation to certain processes such as the screening phase) limitations to the scope of the mechanism would create blind spots and enable violations to continue. Furthermore, victims of push backs often end up on the other side of the border, which presents particular challenges should this render them outside of the EU. The proposal thus needs to be amended to ensure that the mechanism can consider cross-border events when the nature of the alleged fundamental rights violations so requires and act upon information received from individuals who find themselves outside the territory of the state where the alleged violation has taken place.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2. Independence<\/em><\/strong>: Require the involvement of independent national authorities and civil society organisations and support\u00a0 <\/strong>them through EU funding <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Investigating violations of fundamental rights perpetrated by police, border guards or other government actors is politically sensitive. To ensure that the mechanism is credible and effective, it has to be managed by or at very least involve independent organisations. This can include national authorities such as National Human Rights Institutions or National Ombudspersons, which are regularly assessed for their independence or are subject to international standards guaranteeing independence as well as non-governmental organisations and international bodies. To further support independence, financial resources should be made available under Integrated Border Management Fund and in other non-national sources. It should also be made explicit that the mechanism can take into account and act upon relevant information provided by international organisations, non-governmental organisations, journalists, EU agencies and institutions even if they are not part of the mechanism.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3. Accountability<\/em><\/strong>: Specify how Member States should investigate allegations to put an end to abuse, guarantee access to justice and ensure transparency <\/strong><\/p>\n

    The litmus test for the mechanism is the extent to which it will trigger concrete action should it identify a risk of or receive allegations of rights violations. The proposal needs to specify the follow-up process so that authorities do not dismiss the need to act, a common practice in several Member States. Accountability to potentially affected individuals should entail guarantees to provide information about the monitoring mechanism, legal advice and effective access to justice. In addition, the obligation to prepare periodic, public reports on findings and conclusions, including on steps taken to hold those responsible for violations of fundamental rights to account and whether or how previous recommendations have been followed up, should be included.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4. Consequences<\/em><\/strong>: Build in political and financial costs if Member State governments fail to cooperate with the mechanism, do not set it up or ignore its findings <\/strong><\/p>\n

    To create a robust mechanism at national level, there need to be consequences for obstruction of the mechanism\u2019s work (e.g. failure to grant access to border areas, documents or locations where victims of push backs find themselves) or non-compliance with its findings. For instance, it should be possible for the European Commission to withhold EU funding by linking the mechanism to the monitoring of the effective application and implementation of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, which is an ongoing exercise and suggested precondition for Member States to receive EU funding in the next EU budget. Also, the European Commission should take into consideration the findings of the mechanism when assessing a Member State\u2019s compliance with the asylum acquis. <\/em><\/p>\n

    The serious violations committed at European borders with impunity must end. It is now up to Members of the European Parliament and Member States to ensure that violations of rights at EU borders are recorded, that those responsible are held to account and that justice for individuals affected is guaranteed.<\/p>\n

    European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE) <\/strong>
    \nAmnesty International<\/strong>
    \nDanish Refugee Council (DRC) <\/strong>
    \nHuman Rights Watch <\/strong>
    \nInternational Rescue Committee (IRC) <\/strong>
    \nOxfam <\/strong>
    \nRefugee Rights Europe
    \nSave the children<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Download statement\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

    For further information:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Danish Refugee Council, BORDER MONITORING MONTHLY SNAPSHOT FOR BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA<\/a>, October 2020<\/p>\n

    <\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Les images choquantes de migrants et de demandeurs d’asile maltrait\u00e9s par les autorit\u00e9s croates s’inscrivent dans la tendance persistante et bien document\u00e9e des violations des droits de l’homme qui se produisent aux fronti\u00e8res europ\u00e9ennes. Elles refl\u00e8tent \u00e9galement l’impunit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e des autorit\u00e9s frontali\u00e8res des \u00c9tats membres de l’Union europ\u00e9enne (UE) et d\u00e9montrent la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 urgente de … Continued<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":61306,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[160,155,162],"tags":[1159,475,464,1116],"ve_numero":[],"pays":[],"ve_type":[1073],"ve_action":[1050],"class_list":["post-61305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","category-documentation","category-publications","tag-documentation","tag-droits-humains","tag-refoulement","tag-union-europeenne","ve_type-rapport-recherche","ve_action-documentation"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61305","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61305"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61305\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61305"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61305"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61305"},{"taxonomy":"ve_numero","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ve_numero?post=61305"},{"taxonomy":"pays","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pays?post=61305"},{"taxonomy":"ve_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ve_type?post=61305"},{"taxonomy":"ve_action","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asile.ch\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ve_action?post=61305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}